Jhargram Town is the headquarters of Jhargram District.
Geography of Jhargram
Jhargram district is a district in the state of West Bengal, India. It was formed on 4 April 2017, after splitting from the Paschim Medinipur district as the 22nd district of West Bengal. The district has its headquarters at Jhargram. Jhargram is famous for its forest beauty and topography culminating in the hill ranges of Belpahari, Kankrajhor to the north and Subarnarekha to the south. It is a favorite destination for people who love forests. The ancient temples, royal palaces, and folk tunes and rhythms make this area attractive. The West Bengal Government is established Jhargram as an independent district. Jhargram is located at 22.45° N 86.98° E. It has an average elevation of 81 metres (265 feet). The weather, like much of Bengal, is extremely humid and tropical. Temperatures can reach as high as 46 ° C in the hot and dry months of May and June but can plummet to 4 ° C in the chilly nights of December and January. Presently the forests of Jhargram District covers the Civil Blocks viz. Binpur-I (the portion on the West of the Kangsabati river), Binpur-II, Jhargram, Jamboni, Gopiballavpur-I & Gopiballavpur-II and police stations of Belpahari, Binpur, Jamboni, Jhargram, Gopiballavpurand Beliyabera. The Jhargram Forest Division lies between 21° -52' and 22° -48' North latitudes and 86° -34' and 87° -20' East longitude approximately. On the North it is bordered with the civil districts of Purulia and Bankura and on the East it is bordered by the river Kangsabati (from the western border of Midnapore Division) and partly by the river Subarnarekha from the western border of Kharagpur Division. It is having common borders with the State of Orissa on the South and on the West with the Jharkhand State. The headquarters of this district is Jhargram which is around 15 km. away from the National Highway-6 (popularly known as Bombay Road) and is situated on the Kolkata-Bombay main line of the South-Eastern Railway. The town is also the headquarters of Jhargram sub-division. The distance of Jhargram from Kolkata is approximately 200 km. The Chota Nagpur Plateau gradually slopes down creating an undulating area with infertile laterite rocks/ soil. The entire area is drought prone with a particularly severe drought situation. Jhargram district covers an area of 3,037.64 km2 and had a population of 1,136,548 in the 2011 census. 96.52% of the total population was rural and only 3.48% was urban population. 20.11% of the total population belonged to scheduled castes and 29.37% belonged to scheduled tribes. Jhargram district covers an area of 3,037.64 km2 and had a population of 1,136,548 in the 2011 census. 96.52% of the total population was rural and only 3.48% was urban population. 20.11% of the total population belonged to scheduled castes and 29.37% belonged to scheduled tribes. .
Agro-Eco System of The District
1.0 Basic Information
SL.No.
Particulars
Number
01
 Geographical Area
3037.64 sq.km
02
 No of Sub-division
01
03
 No of Blocks
08
04
 No of municipality
01
05
 No of gram Panchayat
79
06
 No of Police Station
10
07
 Total no of Mouza
2996
08
 Inhabited Mouza
2513
09
 Electrified Mouza
2510
10
 Population density
370 sq.Km
11
 Total rural family
156219
12
 Cultivator
156219
13
 Patta holder
198798
14
 Recoded Bargader
27473

1. Population (as per Census - 2011)
SL.No.
Particulars
Number
01
 Actual Population
1136548
02
 Rural
1074836 (96.52 %)
03
 Urban
61712 (03.48 %)
04
 Schedule Caste
(20.11%)
05
 Schedule Tribes
(29.85%)

1.3 Farmers’ group (as per Census - 2011)
SL.No.
Particulars
Number
01
 Small Farmers (1.01 ha. to 2.0 ha.)
16310
02
 Marginal Farmers (below 1.0 ha.)
135835
03
 Medium Farmers (10.01 & above ha.)
4073

1.4 Literacy (as per Census 2011)
SL.No.
Particulars
Percentage to total population
01
 Average Literacy rate
79.04% (4,173,522)
02
 Male
86.66% (2,333,679)
03
 Female
71.11% (1,839,843)
04
 Rural
78.80% (3,606,955)
05
 Urban
85.53% (566,567)

1.5 Soil Types:
SL.No.
Particulars
Area in ha (Net Crop Area Basis)
01
 Red and lateritic
262782 ha
02
 Vindhya alluvial
180480 ha
03
 Recent alluvial
130313 ha

1.6 Land use Statistics:
SL.No.
Particulars
Area (ha)
01
 Net cropped area
595210 ha
02
 Area under non Agriculture use
126328 ha
03
 Area under forest
144613 ha
04
 Area under current fallow (2010-11)
162259 ha
05
 Cultivable waste land
47982 ha
06
 Gross cropped area
788551 ha
07
 Area cultivated more than once
312495 ha
08
 Cropping intensity
132.48 %

1.7 Irrigation Facilities & Area Covered:
SL.No.
Particulars
01
 Major rivers Subarnarekha,Kangsabati,Keleghai,Silaboti,Dulang & Kushmi
02
 Major irrigation Project Kangsabati Irrigation Project, Subarnarekha Barrage Project
03
 Medium Projects Water harvesting scheme implemented under NREGA
04
 Area under irrigation 268677 ha
05
 % of irrigation 45.14 %

1.8 Sources of Irrigation (2010-11)
SL.No.
Particulars
Area (ha)
Number
01
 HDTW
9635
339
02
 MDTW
66186
7213
03
 LDTW
2276
243
04
 STW
103690
43836
05
 RLI
14808
446
06
 ODW
6466
12184
07
 Tanks
26508
31814
08
 Canal
19790
09
 Others
19318
4746

1.9
Climate Profile:
SL.No.
Particulars
01
 Rainfall 1200 - 1400 mm
02
Temperature 16 o C to 42 o C Maximum, 10.3 o C to  27.6  o C Minimum
03
 Humidity 70-87 % Morning  and   41-68 % Evening

2. Agricultural Censes:

2.1. Land Use Pattern:
SL.No.
Particulars
Number
01
 Geographical Area
9,295.28 sq km
02
 Cultivable Area
598647 ha
Area under Agronomical Crops
ha
03
 Kharif   
ha
04
 Rabi
ha
05
 Summer
ha

2.2. Area, Production & Productivity of Major Crops Cultivated :(2011-12)

SL.No.
Name of Crop
Area (ha)
Production (q)
Productivity (q./ha)
01.
 Cereals (Rice Wheat maize)
667.2
1652.7
2477
02.
 Pulse (Mungo, Red Gram, Lentil, Green Gram)
6.9
4.3
624
03.
 Oilseed (Mustard, Sesamum, Groundnut)
84.6
79.6
942
04.
 Potato
71.3
1519.6
21302
05.
 Jute
5.2
74.9
14.4
06.
 Sugarcane
1.9
175.0
91372
07.
 Vegetable
43.85
575.18
13116
08.
 Fruits
4.07
71.13
17624

2.3. Production and Productivity of Livestock, Poultry, Fisheries etc.
SL.No.
Animal
Number
01
 Cow
3,01,024
02
 Bullock
1,57,806
03
 Buffalo
60,714
04
 Goat
1,82,090
05
 Sheep
3,931